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2005/02/15
Much of the research on the
potential health benefits of alcohol has been done on men,
and it is still not clear exactly why
moderate amounts of wine seems to be good for heart health.
The Stockholm research team asked 102 women under the age of
75. to record their alcohol intake over the course of a year.
And after at least a year, a heart tracing (ECG) was taken
over 24 hours during routine activities in all the participants,
to test heart rate variability (HRV).
Better rhythms
HRV measures
the changes in time intervals between the beats of the heart.
Decreased variability has been associated with an increased
risk of heart disease and death.
This is because a decreased
variability indicates that the heart is less able to respond
to the need, for instance, to speed up blood flow around the
body during exercise.
HRV was highest in women who drank five
or more grams of alcohol a day, equivalent to more than half
a standard unit, and lowest in those who drank no alcohol at
all.
But further analysis showed that the type of alcohol consumed
was important.
HRV was highest among women who drank wine,
even after taking account of other influential factors, such
as age, weight, and smoking habit. Beer and spirits had little
impact on HRV.
Researcher Professor Staffan Ahnve told the
BBC News website that it was possible drinking wine helped
to calm the nervous system, which might have a beneficial effect
on heart rhythm.
Also people who drank wine often slept better,
which might also make them more relaxed.
Caution urged
Dr Charmaine
Griffiths, of the British Heart Foundation, said: "We have
known for some time that moderate consumption of alcohol (1-2
units per day) might protect against coronary heart disease.
"This
research suggests that the type of drink may be important and
adds to the evidence that red wine may have specific benefits
over and above other alcoholic drinks.
"In the short term,
the good news is that we can all enjoy alcohol in moderation.
"However,
drinking too much can have an adverse effect on health. It
can damage the heart muscle, increase blood pressure and lead
to weight gain."
Dr Griffiths said more research was needed
to discover the exact beneficial effects of alcohol on heart
health.
"There is no evidence, however, for non-drinkers to
start drinking alcohol," she said.
"Our advice remains the
same - the best way to reduce the risk of heart disease is
to stop smoking if you smoke, increase levels of physical activity
and eat a healthy, balanced diet."
© BBC
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